Abstract: Purpose/Significance The construction of “double first-class” is an important strategic decision made by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council. Universities are important sources of basic research and original innovation of cutting-edge technologies. Scientific and technological innovation in universities is of great significance for carrying out the strategy of innovation-driven development, promoting economic and social development and scientific and technological progress. Design/Methodology Scientific and technological innovation in universities is strengthened by the construction of characteristic disciplines, the cultivation of high-quality talents is fed back by high-level scientific research, the construction of “double first-class” is supported by first-class scientific research achievements and the transformation of high-benefit achievements is promoted by high-quality scientific research. At present, there are some problems in scientific and technological innovation in universities, such as ideology concept and academic atmosphere, management mechanism and service system, innovative talents and innovation ability, achievement transformation and social service. Conclusions/Findings The scientific and technological innovation in universities is a systematic project. It is necessary to construct four “trinity” operating mechanisms, such as academic ecological mechanism, deepening reform mechanism, talent strategy mechanism and guiding and promoting mechanism.