Abstract: Purpose/Significance Constructing a digital ecosystem is an inevitable way to promote the digital transformation of traditional industry. Design/Methodology From the perspective of multi-center governance, through multiple case studies of the digital transformation of Zhejiang Tongxiang Chemical Fiber, Cixi Home Appliances, and Yongjia Pump and Valve Industries, the formation mechanism of the traditional industrial digital ecosystem was revealed. Findings/Conclusions This study found that the formation of the traditional industry digital ecosystem is a multi-centric governance process in which multiple subjects coordinate with each other through policies, contracts and relationship mechanisms. The importance of various subjects and governance mechanisms will vary according to the industrial structure and the transformation direction. This research has positive implications for the theory and digital ecosystem formation practice under the background of industrial digital transformation.