Abstract: Action Libera in Causa is a disputed issue in the Germany and Japan’s criminal theory. Scholars haven’t worked out the compelling explanation on its punishable nature yet, and still could not figure out the conflict of the relationship between it and the principle of the act concurring with responsibility; besides, there is no viewpoint can become the overwhelming theory on a series of problems such as application spectrum of Action Libera in Causa and the pattern of legislation.