从埃德蒙·伯克保守主义思想看 “光荣革命”后英国人的国家观 ——兼论法国大革命引发的“改良与革命之争”

British Outlook of Nation after Glorious Revolution from Edmund Burke’s Conservative Thinking. ——Analyzing the Debates on Reformation and Revolution under French Revolution

  • 摘要: 埃德蒙·伯克是18世纪英国保守主义的开创者,特别是法国大革命爆发后以《法国革命论》为转折点,掀起改良与革命之争,伯克猛烈抨击法国大革命中的暴力流血和激进主义,尊崇传统与秩序,力主改良,反对革命,其保守主义思想体系的形成对英国及其现代西方保守主义思想的发展变迁影响深远。作为“光荣革命”后那个时代精英分子的杰出代表,其身上所折射出来的保守主义理念,反映了“光荣革命”后英国社会走出了一条非暴力的渐进式改良发展路径,伯克的保守主义思想深深影响了那个时代及其以后英国人保守的国家观,同时充分展现了英吉利民族政治文化的智慧,至今其保守主义理念仍旧为我们在国家治理、处理传统与变革的关系时提供有益镜鉴

     

    Abstract: Edmund Burke was the pioneer of conservatism in the 18th century, especially as the turning point, the work “Reflections on the revolution in France ”stired the debates on reformation and revolution after outbreak of French Revolution , Edmund Burke fiercely criticized the violence, blood and radicalism in French Revolution. He paid homage to tradition and order, and suggested mild reform, opposed the revolution. His thinking of conservatism played far-reaching impacts on Britain and the transformation of modern conservatism. As one of the outstanding elites at that time , the ideals of conservatism of Edmund Burke showed that Britain founded a path of non-violence reformation step by step , and effected British conservative outlook of nation deeply. Edmund Burke’s thinking displayed the intelligence of British old political culture, and till now, Edmund Burke’s conservative thinking is helpful for managing the state affairs and dealing with the relations of traditions and reforms.

     

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