Abstract: With the rapid development of economic society of human, the problem of ecological environment can not be ignored. Xin Jinping who inherits Marx and Engels' ecological thoughts and Hu Jingtao's thoughts on construction of ecological civilization raises rich and profound thoughts on construction of ecological civilization. It includes three main aspects: on the aspect of productive, good ecological environment is emphasized as productivity; on the aspect of relations of production, construction of ecological civilization is claimed to adjust and achieve double harmony between human and nature and human and human; on the aspect of society, ecological livelihood is paid attention and the harmonious development of the society needs to be promoted. Xi Jinping's thoughts on construction of ecological civilization have vast theoretical importance and practical value to build moderately prosperous society and achieve the China dream.