Abstract: Purpose/Significance The change of urban minimum living standards can reflect the development of human society to a certain extent. Design/Methodology On the basis of the research of Chinese scholars, this paper puts forward the urban minimum living standard development level adaptation index (RUMSH), and uses the Interpretative Structural Model (ISM) to obtain a chain loop diagram of the adaptability of the two. This paper carries out an empirical analysis of the adaptability between the changes in urban minimum living standards and human development levels from 2007 to 2016 in China. Conclusions/Findings The research shows that: (1) the fluctuation range of the RUMSH index is small as a whole, and the changes in urban minimum living standards are basically compatible with human development; (2) exogenous factors and endogenous factors are equally important in this study, and jointly affect the change of urban minimum living standards; (3) RUMSH index fluctuates in phases. Therefore, this paper suggests: (1) the fluctuation range of the RUMSH index is small as a whole, so it is possible to establish the urban minimum living standard average standard prediction model UMLS_(n+1), and explore the appropriate urban minimum living standard average standard line based on the HDI change rate; (2) exogenous factors and endogenous factors are equally important, so the expenditure of fiscal expenditure on the urban minimum living standard scheme can be increased to reduce the income gap between the two great groups; (3) the RUMSH index fluctuates in phases, so the “income-education-healthy” development model can be constructed to reduce RUMSH index fluctuations.