Abstract: Purpose/Significance As an important part of the economy and society, the promotion of corporate social responsibility is of great significance to both environmental protection and sustainable development. Design/Methodology Based on the data of China’s A-share listed companies from 2014 to 2020, this paper empirically tests the impact of big data development on corporate social responsibility by using the fixed effect panel data model. Conclusions/Findings The results show that big data development has a significant positive impact on corporate social responsibility, and improving the level of big data development is conducive to promoting the fulfillment of corporate social responsibility. The mediation effect of corporate digital transformation is significant, and big data development can promote corporate social responsibility by facilitating corporate digital transformation. The heterogeneity effect shows that the impact of big data development on the social responsibility of state-owned enterprises and large-scale enterprises is significantly positive, while the impact on the social responsibility of private enterprises and small-scale enterprises is not significant.