Abstract: Purpose/Significance Innovation is a complex process, which is affected by many factors. It is of great guiding significance for innovation development of makerspace to study the influence of multiple factors at the two levels of makerspace and start-ups on enterprise innovation performance. Design/Methodology Based on the cross-level perspective, six antecedent conditions at two levels of makerspace and enterprise are considered, and the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis method is used to carry out the research. Two configurations of high innovation performance and three configurations of non-high innovation performance of start-ups are obtained, and the asymmetric causality and coupling relationship of these configurations are studied. Conclusions/Findings It is found that the dynamic capabilities of new enterprises are the key to activating high innovation performance, and the coupling relationship between the various dimensions of dynamic capabilities can help them to withstand environmental uncertainty. compared with the state-owned and the university-based makerspaces, the enterprise-led makerspaces emphasize the contribution of new enterprises’ dynamic capabilities to innovation performance; the external environment support ability of the makerspace works through the ability to adapt to the environment, and the ability to identify opportunities is an important bridge for companies to grasp the opportunities for cooperation and innovation between enterprises within the makerspace. In a highly uncertain environment, improving the adaptability of makerspaces to the external environment is the key to the development of organizational innovation.