Abstract: The socialist modernization is a coordinated and interactive whole including economic, political and cultural elements. In order to better carry out the socialist modernization, the construction of the ideological and political education is also an extremely important part, in addition to vigorously developing the productive forces, striving to develop and use science and technology, and steadily promoting the construction of the socialist democracy and ruling with law. This is because the ideological and political education can penetrate into the economy, politics and culture, so as to play an invisible yet persistent and long-term role in the modernization process. During the course of the socialist modernization, the tremendous significance of the ideological and political education should not be ignored.