Abstract: Theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristic is the scientific theoretical systems, including Deng Xiaoping Theory, “Three Represents”, and the scientific concept of development, ect.. The relationship between theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics and Mao Zedong Thought are the same strain and advancing with the times, which can be studied from the multi-dimensional perspective. Theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics inherited the philosophy of Mao Zedong in the materialist dialectics, the practice of epistemology, and the historical materialism. Theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics developed creatively Mao Zedong Thought on political economics including three aspects of economic mode, economic systems, and distribution system. Theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics transcended the scientific theoretical system of Mao Zedong’s socialist ideology in the nature of socialism, the basic national conditions, and the development road.