Abstract: Public services are the foundation for building an orderly society. Digital technology not only brings many conveniences to improve the quality of public services, but also brings many problems such as citizen participation, technological divide, and dormant data. Among them, the rise of Generative AI provides broader development opportunities for public services, and the technology power conflict it brings is also more significant. This article takes generative artificial intelligence in public services as the research object, systematically reviews its potential in improving public service efficiency, optimizing public resource allocation,coordinating regional inequality, and enhancing public participation. At the same time, it focuses on the challenges it may bring, such as data security, algorithm bias, and public privacy. The research findings of this article will contribute to a better understanding of the application issues of generative artificial intelligence in the field of public services, and will also provide insights for future policy making and technological applications.