Abstract: Whether central provinces can develop depends on the technology innovating strategy, which is a key point to solve the primary contradiction of " Imbalance and Inadequacy” in China. This paper uses panel data from 2000 to 2016 to compute the technological innovation efficiency. In addition, the study builds hierarchical linear model based on the theory of new economic sociology. Results show that R&D expenditure and R&D personnel both play a significant role in promoting technological innovation efficiency. Meanwhile, they vary from the six provinces. Furthermore, Baidu index of technological innovation efficiency and urbanization rate have a remarkably direct impact on technological innovation efficiency. On the other hand, education expenditure, the dependence on foreign trade, Baidu index and the degree of industrialization have an evidently influence on technological innovation efficiency.