Abstract: Purpose/Significance This paper develops a conceptual framework of fake review identification, and summarizes the limitations, controversies, and future directions of fake review identification. This paper has important theoretical significance to promote the related research of fake review identification, and also has some practical implications for e-commerce platforms to effectively identify and filter fake reviews. Design/Methodology This paper reviews 470 papers published in well-known Chinese and English journals. With thematic analysis, the theoretical foundations, research methods, and conclusions of these papers are summarized. Then the logical relations between these theories are described in detail and a direction for future research is provided. Conclusions/Findings The governance of fake reviews should rely on prevention supplemented by punishment. Understanding the intrinsic motivations of fake reviews and reducing the intention to publish fake reviews will be an important direction for future research.