Abstract: Public data paid service is the path to the valued and factored public data. However, there is still a lack of sufficient research and feasible solutions on the legitimacy, effective path and risk prevention of public data paid service. This paper can be an important reference for promoting the paid service of public data continuously and healthily. This paper analyzes the concept of public data, and the scope of public data paid service. From three aspects of the social economic value, data ownership and the rationality and necessity of charging, this paper demonstrates the legitimacy of public data paid service. This paper deeply analyzes the effective path to develop public data paid service and clearly proposes the strategies and solutions that should be adopted in the four key links of authorization and operation mode, service delivery mode, pricing strategy and benefit compensation mechanism. At the end of the paper, it also discusses the possible risks and preventive measures in the public data paid service, and summarizes and refines the six specific suggestions.