Abstract: Data is a new national strategic resource, and building a modern economic system is inseparable from the development and application of big data. Evaluating the development level of the big data and assessing its alignment with the overall goal of national big data development will help the orderly development of big data industry. This study combs and draws lessons from the existing evaluation systems at home and abroad, adopts the procedural grounded theory of Strauss and Corbin, and designs a set of comprehensive evaluation index system of China’s big data development level, including five dimensions of big data development environment, implementation guarantee, data construction, industry application and innovation development, and uses Python and Nvivo to analyze the word frequency and determine the weight of each evaluation index, with a view to putting forward corresponding policy suggestions for the further development of China’s big data.