Abstract: In the context of digital government, mobile e-government platforms serve as the core vehicle for the digital transformation of public services, and the extent of their public adoption directly influences the effectiveness of public governance. Taking Beijing’s ‘Jingtong’ platform as the subject of study, this research constructs a D-UTAUT analytical model based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), incorporating the variable of digital literacy and dividing it into two dimensions: skills and cognition. Through a combined quantitative and qualitative research methodology, a comprehensive analysis of 346 valid questionnaires and nine in-depth interview cases was conducted to explore the driving mechanisms behind public usage of mobile e-government platforms. The results indicate that mobile e-government usage behaviour exhibits a distinct characteristic of being dominated by instrumental rationality, with expectations emerging as the strongest predictor, whilst social influence did not reach a significant level; Digital literacy enhances user behaviour through dual pathways of skill empowerment and cognitive resistance reduction. These findings reveal the unique nature of technology acceptance mechanisms in mandatory usage contexts and expand the application boundaries of the UTAUT model within government service scenarios. Based on the research conclusions, recommendations are proposed regarding interface redesign, the refinement of data collaboration mechanisms, the implementation of differentiated digital literacy training, and the adoption of targeted promotion strategies, thereby providing a theoretical basis and practical reference for advancing the development of mobile government service platforms and digital governance.