Abstract: With the in-depth advancement of digital government construction, the operations of grassroots government affairs have become highly platform-based and interfaced. Security and compliance requirements are embedded into daily operations as systemic steps. Under the work context of concurrent tasks and strict time limits, this often triggers interaction friction, which in turn induces non-standard interaction behaviors and leads to the hidden accumulation of data security risks. Based on in-depth interview data from frontline civil servants in Province S, this study adopts the procedural grounded theory to reveal the chain generation mechanism of data security risks in the human-computer interaction of grassroots government affairs. The findings indicate that: (1) Interaction friction is internalized into digital administrative burdens through the transmission of learning, compliance, and psychological costs; (2) when such burdens exceed the tolerable threshold, moral disengagement mechanisms are activated, providing psychological permission for operational deviations; (3) mediated by moral disengagement, interaction deviation behaviors such as non-standard transmission and privilege circumvention gradually emerge, forming cumulative forming cumulative data security risks within a context of lagging monitoring and uncertain accountability. Finally, this paper proposes a four-dimensional governance path encompassing “technological empowerment and interaction optimization, institutional decoupling and business coordination, ethical intervention and cognitive reshaping, as well as agile supervision and a closed-loop of responsibility.”