Abstract: This paper examines the long-term, cause and effect relationship between total grain yield and GDP1 and net income of rural residents by using econometric methodology of time series of unit root test, co-intergration relationship test and Granger cause and effect relationship test. The results of experimental analysis indicate Granger cause and effect relationship between total grain yield and GDP1, and no Granger cause and effect relationship exist between total grain yield and net income of rural residents. Based on the research result, we put forward some suggestions in order to guide to the grain production